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QUADRUPLEX TELEGRAPH. No. 309,573. Patented Dec. 23, 1884.

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INVENTOR JMo/MQ WITNESSES BY V v 43's ATTORNEY N. PFIERE PI'aIo-Lilhnnnphor. \Valhinglon. D. C,

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CHARLES SELDEN, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

QUADRUFLEX TELEGRAPH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 309,573, dated December 23, 1884.

Application filed June 13, 1884. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES SELDEN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Baltimore, in the county of Baltimore and State of Maryland, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Duplex and MuL tiplex Telegraphs, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to methods of and apparatus for sending two messages simultaneously over the same circuit in the same direction without confusion. By suitable arrangements of the receiving-instruments at both ends of a line, as is now well understood in the art--that is, by winding the receivers dilierentially with the main and artificial circuit coils, or by arranging them in a bridge-wire between the main and artificial lines at points of equal potentialmy invention may be utilized in sending four messages simultaneously, two in one and two in the other direction.

My invention consists in a novel polar relay for controlling two independent local circuits and sounders by the employment of a single armature-lever, as will be hereinafter more specifically described and claimed.

My invention consists, also, in certain de tails of construction and minor or specific combinations of devices, that will be more particularly stated in the claims after having been described in connection with the accompanying drawings.

My invention comprises, further, a novel means of sending two messages in the same direction over the same circuit, and consists of a combination of transmitters adapted to send messages by a novel order or system of currents specially adapted for use with the novel relay or receiving apparatus herein described, although its applicability is not limited,and it might be used with other combinations or arrangements of receiving apparatus beside that herein described.

The characteristics of my invention so far as concerns the system or play of currents may be stated as follows: hen both transmitters are at rest or open, a current of a determinate strength and of a certain named polarity, as positive, flows to line and keeps both local circuits and sounders open. When one transmitter is closed, no current flows to line, or the tension of the normal current is so far reduced as to permit aspring or springs whose tension is overcome by the normal current to act and close one of the locals at the receiving end of the line. When the other transmitter is closed, a current of a definite strength, but of opposite polarity to the normal current, flows to line and acts upon the polar relay to throw its armature in the opposite direction, so as to close the local of the other sounder but to also close a circuit which shall render the first sounder inoperative. WVhen both transmitters are closed,an increased current of the same polarity flows to line and keeps the circuit of the second sounder operative, but moves the lever sufficiently far against the tension of a spring to break the circuit or contact employed for rendering the first sounder inactive under the last-named condition, thus causing both sounders to respond.

My invention consists,also, in certain novel arrangements of keys and combinations of keys, contacts, and circuits, that will be more particularly statedin the claims.

My invention consists, further, in the combination, with my novel polar relay and its double set of supplemental levers, of a key system adapted to send the above-stated com bination of currents.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a diagram of an arrangement of keys and contacts whereby the peculiar combination of currents hereinbefore stated may be transmitted. Fig. 2 illustrates diagrammatically one arrangement of armature lever, mag nets, supplemental levers, and contacts constituting the polar relay of my invention. Fig. 3 shows an equivalent arrangement.

Referring to Fig. 1, A and B indicate, respectively, two transmitters adapted to be worked independently of one another for each sending a message or signal independently of the other. Transmitter A consists of an ordinary lever, as T,carrying three sets of transmitting-points, insulated from one another, and consisting each of the usual elements of a hook, an insulated spring tending to make contact with the hook, and a contact stop or screw arranged in the path of the spring, so that when the transmitter is operated the spring will be pressed out of connection with i the hook, and at the same time will make 0011- l 1 in any desired position, being suitably insuconnection through the stop at a substituted,

nection with the stop or screw.

The three sets of transmitting-contacts are indicated at a b c. The hooks are supported in any desired manner on the transmitter and lated from one another. They are herein shown as arranged in vertical line simply to facilitate the illustration of the connections.

Transmitter B is provided with four sets of similar transmitting-contacts. (Indicated at d c f g.)

The connections are made as follows; Line L is connected to the spring at a, while the hook at a is connected with the springs at f and g. The stop at to is connected with the spring at d and the stop at 6, while the spring at e and the stop at fare connected to one pole (say the positive) of main line battery M B", the opposite pole of said battery being connected with the spring at b and with the positive pole of the main battery M B, which latter is preferably of greater tension than M B It is here indicated as having twice the number of cells; but I do not limit myself to the enact proportions. The

negative pole of the main battery M B is connected to the hook at g and the spring at c.

The hook at b and the stop at care connected to earth, as also is the hook at d. The keys are represented in their normal position, or

open. If the battery M B has fifty cells and the battery M B one hundred cells, the

play and combination of currents will be as follows: Both keys open :100 to line; key A closed:(); keyBclosec 00 both keys closet :150 -l-.

The circuits in each case are as follows, starting from line and going to earth: \Vhen both keys are open, the circuit is from L through spring and hook at a, to spring and hook at g, to negative pole of M B, to spring and hook at b, and to earth, thus putting battery M B to line with one hundred negative. No circuit is found from a through contacts at f, the spring and stop there being normally out of contact. For, the same reason no short circuit is found through contacts at c to earth. If now transmitter A be closed, the circuit from line is broken at hook of a and shifted through the spring and hook at (Z directly to earth, so that no current will flow to line. No effect is produced by the closing of earth-connection at c, the circuit to the battery M B having been broken at hook a. If transmitter B be closed alone, A being open, the circuit is from line through spring and hook at a, to spring and stop at f, (connection through spring and hook at f] being at such time broken by the action of the dead-stop,) to the positive pole of battery M B", and thence through the spring and hook atb to earth, thus putting battery M B to line with a positive current of +50. If while B is closed transmitter A be closed, the circuit to the positive pole of M B through f is broken at a, and a the circuit being then from line L to stop and spring at 0, (ground at (1 being broken,) positive pole of battery M B", through said battery to positive of battery M B, ground at I) having been broken by the closing of transmitter A,) and from negative pole of battery M B through contact-spring and stop 0 to earth. Both battery-currents now flow to line with a positive polarity and a combined force of one hundred and fifty cells.

Spark-coils.equaliZing-resistances, 820., usually employed in the art are omitted for the sake of simplicity, but may be used in the ordinary locations, as will be obvious to those skilled in the subject to which my invention relates. I

I do not limit myself to the particular connections herein illustrated. as others might be used for producing the same flow of currents; nor do I limit myself to the construction of keys and number of transmitting contacts shown, as other constructions or arrangements might be used without departing from the principle of my invention, which consists,

mainly, in the combination or play of currents or their equivalent, as stated.

In the receiving apparatus, Fig. 2, R R in dicate the coils of a polarized relay, and C the armature therefor, all of any desired or ordinary construction. arm or cross-piece, 1), whose function is to act upon the two supplemental levers L L", placed to each side of it.

S S indicate springs acting on the lever G inopposite directions, S being adjusted to have a somewhat greater power than S, so that when there is no or very little current in the relay the bias or tendency of the arm D, shall be such as to tend to keep it out of contact with the lever L. The arm D is slightly shorter than the space between the levers L L when the latter are both in contact with their intermediate stop, E, so that the arm D, though resting against L, shall be just out of contact with L or the contacts carried thereby.

S indicates a spring which tends to draw the lever L against stop E, and is adjusted to have a tension somewhat greater than the difference of tension in favor of S over S so that when no current is on line, or when the current of normal polarity is greatly reduced, the lever may be drawn against said stop by spring S". The end of the lever L at the point where the arm D bears against it is furnished with an insulating-piece, as indicated. The spring S, acting on lever L is of such tension as, in conjunction with the superior tension of S over S, to successfully resist the tendency of the relay under the action of the smaller current of proper polarity sent by one key only (viz., key B) to remove the lever L from contact with the stop E. The stronger current sent when'both keys are closed is, however, sufficient to break the contact at is formed between the stop E and the lever. Other contacts formed during the Thelever C carries an cioasvel operation of the devices are, at 9 between lever L and stop E, at it between one insulated portion, a, of arm D and lever L and ati between another insulated portion, 25, of arm D and lever L The contact at h cornpletes a circuit from portion a of arm I) through a spring, I, on an insulated plate, in, which is mounted on lever L, and to stop E through contacts at It, the latter being formed on the insulated plate m. The contact at i is formed between portion t of arm D and the body of the lever L. Contacts at iand h are formed at the same time by the arm D on being moved against the lever L, by the action of a current of the proper polarity. The armature-lever O is moved in the direction of the arrow 12 by a current of negative polarity, and in the' direction of arrow by a current of the opposite polar ity.

M M indicate, respectively, the two read ing or repeating sounders, or other receiving instruments, controlled, respectively, by the operation of transmitters A and B at the transmitting end of the line. Sounder M is a differential sounder, being provided with two sets of coils in a split circuit from local battery LB, so that it' either portion of the split circuit be closed alone the sounder will be energized; but it both be closed or both be open the sounder-magnet will remain inactive, the current in one coil (when both are closed) neutralizing the magnetizing action of the current in the other.

As indicated, one branch of thesplit circuit may be completed through one coil of M. to E, and through f and L (when the latter two are in contact) back to the local battery. The other branch, passing through the oth r coil of M and wire to the insulated port ion of n of the relay-lever C and arm I), finds circuit (when the parts are in contact) through a ht: 5/ L back to the battery. Contact at all three points it 7,: is required in order to establish the latter circuit. Stop E is connected direct-ly with the other branch and coil of the split circuit. Sounder M is provided with a local battery, L 13*, whose circuit is completed so long as the arm I) is in contact with the lever L, to the body of which one pole of the 3 local circuit is connected. The other pole of said circuit is connected to the insulated por tion of lever O and arm D.

The general operation under the action of 5 the currents sent by the transmitters is as fol lows: Both keys A B being open, a current from battery M B of ---10t) flows to line and holds the lever O in the position shown, acting in conjunction with spring S, so as to overcome the tension of spring S", whose norinal tension is made greater than the force ap plied to 0 through the superior tension of S to that of SE The circuit of L B is now open at z, and the branches of L B are open, one at y and the other at 72 as well as at Neither sounder is, therefore,efi'ected. It'transmitter A alone be closed, no current ilows to line, and

spring S draws lever L into contact with E at thus completing the circuit for one coil of the differential sounder and energizing the latter. The circuit 15 for the other coil remains open at h, as doesalso the circuit of L B at i, owing to the superior tension of spring S and to the fact that the portions at of arm D are just out of contact with the contact portions of lever L in the supposed position. If transmitter B is closed alone, a current of flows to line and pulls the lever O positively in the direction 0t" arrow 10 with a power suffi cient to overcome the superior tension of S and to close contacts at 'L and h. The tension of spring S is, however, made suflicient to prevent the lcver L from being removed from contact with E and breaking circuit at it. By this action the second branch or coil of the differential sounder M is closed through h 7a 9 and as in this position the first branch is closed directly through E and 9 said sounder will not be energized. The circuit of L B is,however, closed at i and sounder M responds. If both keys are closed together, an increased positive current ilows to line, equal in this case to the combined current of both batteries M B ill B". p This current is sufficient to overcome the spring S, and thus break the contact at 7;, preserving, however, the contact at t. Sounder M is thus energized,and likewise sounder M, the latter owing to the fact that one of its differential circuits is broken at It, the other circuit being in the meantime closed at g.

it is obvious from the above that the particular proportions of current herein dlescribed are not necessary. For instance, the current necessary to overcome S" need not be that of both sections of battery, but may be less, pro vided itbe greater than the current from H B alone. it is also evident that it is not necessary to reduce the normal current to zero in order to permit spring S to draw lever L to make contact at 1 Instead of using a differential sounder, I may make use of an ordinary sounder and a battery arranged to be short-circuited, as indicated in Fig. In this case the local battery L B is normally SllOlEGllClllCGCl through contact at 1), formed by a stop, to which one pole of the battery is connected, and a spring upon lever 1 L, to which the other pole of the battery is connected. The lever L is kept out of connection with stop E by a piece of insulating material on thelever when the normal current is reduced to operate sounder M. The action of the sounder when transmitter A alone is closed to reduce the normal current is pro duced by the openin g of the short circuit for L B at p, when the spri ng S draws theleverback against stop E. The sounder is prevented from operating when transmitter B alone is closed by the formation of a short circuit for battery L B through contacts at h and L. The breaking of the latter short circuit at 7.: when both transmitters are closed causes sounder M to be energized with M The gen- IIO oral operation is in other respects substantially the same as with the relay of Fig. 2, the obvious difference being only that a second short-circuiting of the battery is substituted for the closing of the second 01" the differential branches or coils.

Other methods of rendering the sounder M inactive at the moment required will suggest themselves to those skilled in the art, and I do not, therefore, wish to be understood as limiting myself either to the method of shortcircuiting just described or to the method of closing a neutralizing or differential circuit, as in Fig. 2. v

I am aware that it has heretofore been proposed to control two sounder-circuits from the same polarized relay-armature acting upon two supplemental levers, one for each sounder, and I therefore make no broad claim herein to that combination.

What I claim as my invention is 1. The combination, with two receivinginstruments, and contact -levers for keeping the receiving-instruments normally inactive through the influenceof a current of a determinate polarity and strength normally charging the line, of a transmitting system for sending currents in the order specified: when both transmitters are at rest, a current of determinate strength and polarity; when one key alone is closed, no current, or its equivalent, as specified, a reduced current of normal polarity; when the other key alone is closed, an opposite current of determinate strength; and when both keys are closed together, an increased current of the same polarity.

2. The combination, with a polar relay having two supplemental levers, a common armature-lever, and two receiving-instruments, of a transmitting system for sending currents in the order specified, to wit: when both transmitters are open, a normal current of determinate strength and polarity; when one key alone is closed, no current, or its equivalent,-

as specified, a reduced current of normal polarity, when the other key alone is closed, an

opposite current of determinate strength; and when both keys are closed together, an ini creased current of the same polarity.

3. The combination of two transmitters, one having three and the otherfour sets of transmitting-contacts such as described, two batteries or sections of battery and connections, as set forth, whereby when both keys are at rest current flows from one battery with a determinate polarity, when one key is closed both batteries are cut off, when the otherkey is closed alone the second battery or section of battery is put to line with an opposite polarity, and when both keys are closed together both batteries flow to line together with a polarity the opposite of that when both keys are open.

4. The combination, with a polar relay, of a single biased armature, two supplemental levers, and two local circuits controlled thereby, said lever having a bias, as described, to draw it against a supplemental lever, while the supplemental levers are provided with retractors, one adjusted to a tension above the bias given to the armature-lever, and the other with a retractor, adjusted to hold the supplemental lever against its stop when a reversed current of determinate strength flows in the relay, but to permit said lever to leave its stop under the action of an increased current of the same polarity.

5. The combination, with a polar relay, of two springs acting on the armature-lever in opposite directions but with different powers, and two supplemental levers, each provided with a suitable spring, the spring for one of said levers being adjusted to have a tension superior to the bias given to the armaturelever.

6. The combination, with a polar relay having a biased armature, of two supplemental levers on opposite sides thereof, a spring applied to one of said levers, and adjusted in the manner described to permit the-lever tobe held away from its stop by the action of a normal current assisted by the bias of the lever, but to draw, said lever against its stop in opposition to the bias when the normal current is reduced, and a spring applied to the other supplemental lever and adjusted in the man-' ner described, so as to hold said lever against its stop under the action of a reversed current of determinate strength sent by one of the transmitters only, but to permit the lever to be withdrawn from its stop by an increased reversed current.

7. The combination, with a polar relay, of two supplemental levers on opposite sides of its'armature-lever, and two receiving-instru ments in independent local circuits, one of said instruments being differentially wound.

8. The combination, with an armature-lever, (as (3,) of two supplemental levers and two receiving-instruments, one having a circuit controlled by one of the supplemental levers and the other being controlledby contacts formed through both levers, as described, whereby when the first-named receiving-instrument is acted on with its supplemental lever against its stop the other receiving-instrument may be rendered inactive through the contacts formed by said supplemental lever when in such position.

Signed at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, this 5th day of June, A. D. 1884.

CHARLES SELDEN.

Vi tn esses HIRAM BIGELOW, JOHN B. SKINNER.

IUC 

